Die casting machine, as a key technical equipment in modern manufacturing industry, is mainly used for the production of castings with accurate size, complex shape and high quality requirements. Whether in automotive, electronics or daily necessities, die casting technology is widely used for its high efficiency and excellent finished product quality. Understanding the main structure and components of a die casting machine is essential to ensure the production of efficient, high-quality castings. Let’s discuss the core components of the die casting machine and their functions.

1. Basic composition of die casting machine

Die casting machines usually consist of the following parts: hydraulic system, mold closing system, injection system, control system, mold heating and cooling system, and auxiliary devices.

2. Hydraulic system

The hydraulic system is the power source of the die casting machine, responsible for providing force to drive the mold closing, injection and other actions. The system includes components such as hydraulic pumps, valves, pipelines and fuel tanks. With precise hydraulic control, the closing force, injection pressure and speed of the machine can be adjusted to meet different production needs.

3. Mold closing system

The main function of the mold closing system is to realize the rapid closing and opening of the mold, and to maintain the stable closing of the mold during the die casting process. It is mainly composed of fixed formwork, moving formwork, tie rod, thimble and closing cylinder. Driven by the hydraulic system, the moving template moves to the fixed template, thus realizing the closure of the mold.

4. Injection system

The injection system is the part of the die casting machine responsible for injecting molten metal into the mold. It usually contains an injection cylinder, a barrel, a piston, a nozzle, etc. During the injection process, the piston pushes molten metal through the nozzle into the mold at high speed. The design of injection system directly affects the internal quality and surface quality of castings.

5. Control system

The control system is the brain of the die casting machine, responsible for controlling and adjusting all aspects of the machine to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the die casting process. Modern die casting machine mostly uses computer control system, through programming to set and adjust various parameters, such as mold temperature, injection pressure, closing speed, etc., to meet the production needs of different castings.

6. Mold heating and cooling system

In order to improve the quality and production efficiency of the casting, the temperature control of the mold is particularly important. The mold heating and cooling system controls the temperature of the mold to ensure that the metal liquid fills and solidifies quickly as it flows into the mold. The system includes heating elements, cooling water channels, and temperature control devices to preheat and cool the mold as required by the process.

7. Auxiliary devices

In order to ensure the continuity of production and the quality of castings, the die casting machine is also equipped with a series of auxiliary devices, such as automatic lubrication system, automatic spraying system, take-up robot and so on. These devices improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and ensure operator safety.

8. Conclusion

Mastering the main structure and components of die casting machine is of great significance for improving casting quality, reducing production cost and improving production efficiency. With the continuous progress of technology, the future die-casting machine will be more intelligent and automated, and its control system and auxiliary devices will be more precise and efficient.